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---
articleType: Registered pilot manuscript
journal: Submitted to the Review of Learning Practice
doi: Not assigned
version: Peer-review manuscript 2.1
date: '2026-06-02'
title: Retrieval Prompts and Delayed Recall in Introductory Statistics
subtitle: A classroom pilot with a seven-day follow-up
shortTitle: Retrieval prompts and recall
authors:
  - name: Priya Sandhu
    orcid: 0000-0000-0000-0000 (sample)
    affiliations:
      - A1
  - name: Owen Mercer
    orcid: 0000-0000-0000-0000 (sample)
    affiliations:
      - A1
affiliations:
  - id: A1
    name: Maple Vale Centre for Learning Science
corresponding:
  name: Priya Sandhu
  email: priya.sandhu@example.org
abstract: >-
  This review manuscript reports a fictional randomized pilot in which brief
  retrieval prompts improved seven-day recall relative to rereading, with
  uncertainty appropriate to the small sample.
keywords:
  - retrieval practice
  - statistics education
  - delayed recall
highlights:
  - The analysis follows the preregistered primary contrast.
  - Confidence intervals remain wide and invite replication.
funding: No external funding.
contributions: >-
  P.S. drafted the protocol; O.M. prepared materials; both authors analysed and
  revised the manuscript.
conflicts: The authors declare no competing interests.
ethics: >-
  Approved within this fictional study by the Maple Vale review panel; written
  consent was specified.
dataAvailability: 'A synthetic, de-identified dataset is supplied for review.'
codeAvailability: The analysis notebook is supplied for review.
acknowledgments: We thank two pilot instructors for comments on the task wording.
license: CC BY 4.0 upon acceptance
---
# Retrieval Prompts and Delayed Recall in Introductory Statistics

## Introduction

Retrieval practice can strengthen memory, but short classroom studies often omit delayed outcomes. We preregistered a pilot comparison of retrieval prompts and matched rereading [1].

## Methods

Eighty-four fictional adult learners were randomized after the same lesson. The primary outcome was a ten-item quiz seven days later; allocation was concealed during scoring.

$$g = \frac{S_{day7} - S_{base}}{10 - S_{base}}$$

## Results

The retrieval group retained more items, although the pilot was not powered for subgroup effects and three follow-up records were missing.
### Primary outcome
| Condition | Analysed n | Mean score / 10 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Retrieval prompts | 41 | 7.4 |
| Matched rereading | 40 | 6.5 |

:::figure{layout="wide" label="Figure 1" caption="Retrieval prompts and recall"}
![Retrieval prompts and recall](https://markdowntopdfconverter.com/samples/academic/figures/delayed-recall-retention-curves.webp)
:::

:::figure{layout="column" label="Figure 2" caption="Workflow: Retrieval prompts and recall"}
```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
  participant A as Introduction
  participant B as Methods
  participant C as Results
  A->>B: Retrieval prompts and recall
  B-->>C: Peer-review manuscript 2.1
```
:::

> The analysis follows the preregistered primary contrast.[^sample-evidence]

#### Reproducibility check

The analysis notebook is supplied for review.

[^sample-evidence]: A synthetic, de-identified dataset is supplied for review.

```csv
condition,n,mean_score
retrieval,41,7.4
```

## Discussion

The direction is consistent with the registered hypothesis, but the single lesson and modest sample constrain inference. Review should focus on attrition handling and the transfer value of the quiz.

## References
[1] Maple Vale Centre for Learning Science. Registered pilot protocol MV-17. Working Paper, 2026.

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